{"id":22234,"date":"2020-10-28T10:10:27","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T08:10:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crjm.org\/?p=22234"},"modified":"2020-11-09T21:57:13","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T19:57:13","slug":"combaterea-coruptiei-intre-crearea-instantei-specializate-si-investigarea-eficienta-a-cauzelor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/combaterea-coruptiei-intre-crearea-instantei-specializate-si-investigarea-eficienta-a-cauzelor\/","title":{"rendered":"Combaterea corup\u021biei \u2013 \u00eentre crearea instan\u021bei specializate \u0219i investigarea eficient\u0103 a cauzelor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ini\u021biativa privind crearea unei instan\u021be judec\u0103tore\u0219ti anticorup\u021bie nu este oportun\u0103 \u00een Republica Moldova, deoarece nu este justificat\u0103 din punct de vedere al necesit\u0103\u021bilor juridice, vine \u00een contradic\u021bie cu procesul de optimizare a h\u0103r\u021bii judec\u0103tore\u0219ti \u0219i, \u00een esen\u021b\u0103, este contrar\u0103 obiectivelor declarate de autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti cu privire la lupta cu corup\u021bia. Acestea sunt unele dintre concluziile documentului de politici \u201e<em>Instan\u021ba anticorup\u021bie\u00a0 &#8211; este oare aceasta necesar\u0103 \u00een Republica Moldova<\/em>?\u201d, lansat de Centrul de Resurse Juridice din Moldova (CRJM) \u00een octombrie 2020.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pentru prima dat\u0103 ideea cre\u0103rii instan\u021bei anticorup\u021bie \u00een Republica Moldova a fost lansat\u0103 \u00een 2015 de Ministerul Justi\u021biei. \u00cen 2020, autorit\u0103\u021bile na\u021bionale au revenit la aceast\u0103 ini\u021biativ\u0103, chiar dac\u0103, potrivit autorilor documentului, crearea unei instan\u021be judec\u0103tore\u0219ti anticorup\u021bie este \u00een contradic\u021bie cu obiectivele stabilite \u0219i ac\u021biunile \u00eentreprinse \u00een ultimii ani, c\u00e2nd au desfiin\u021bate toate instan\u021bele judec\u0103tore\u0219ti specializate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Analiza relev\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een Republica Moldova nu exist\u0103 un num\u0103r de cauze suficient pentru crearea unei instan\u021be specializate anticorup\u021bie. \u00cen perioada 2015-2019, num\u0103rul mediu de dosare penale privind faptele de corup\u021bie examinate de instan\u021bele de judecat\u0103 a constituit 199 de dosare pe an, pe c\u00e2nd sarcina medie anual\u0103 a fiec\u0103rui judec\u0103tor \u00een ultimii cinci ani este de circa 620 de dosare. \u00cen cazul \u00een care o instan\u021b\u0103 anticorup\u021bie ar fi creat\u0103, cei 9 judec\u0103torii care vor activa, ar avea cea mai mic\u0103 sarcin\u0103 de munc\u0103 \u2013 circa 22 de dosare anual per judec\u0103tor. Mai mult, faptele de corup\u021bie sau cele conexe corup\u021biei, nu sunt nici numeric mai multe, dec\u00e2t alte tipuri de fapte penale.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Potrivit analizei, examinarea tuturor cauzelor de corup\u021bie de o singur\u0103 instan\u021b\u0103 de fond, care probabil se va afla \u00een mun. Chi\u0219in\u0103u, va crea dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een examinarea cauzelor din regiuni, or aceasta va necesita deplasarea tuturor participan\u021bilor la proces \u00een capital\u0103. <em>\u00cen ultimii doi ani, \u00een Republica Moldova \u00een jur de dou\u0103 treimi de cauze de corup\u021bie au fost examinate \u00een judec\u0103toriile regionale.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nu exist\u0103 standarde interna\u021bionale privind \u00eenfiin\u021barea instantelor specializate anticorup\u021bie, aceast\u0103 decizie fiind luat\u0103 de fiecare stat, reie\u0219ind din situa\u021bia \u0219i specificul lui. Majoritatea \u021b\u0103rilor care au decis \u00eenfiin\u021barea acestora sunt de pe continentul asiatic \u0219i cel african. Instan\u021be judec\u0103tore\u0219ti specializate pe cauze de corup\u021bie \u0219i de combatere a infrac\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii organizate au fost fondate \u00een c\u00e2teva \u021b\u0103ri europene, \u00eens\u0103 eficien\u021ba practic\u0103 a acestora nu a fost dovedit\u0103 conving\u0103tor. \u00cenfiin\u021barea instan\u021belor anticorup\u021bie \u00een sine nu poate eradica corup\u021bia, iar, pe de alt\u0103 parte, \u00een statele unde nivelul corup\u021biei este cel mai redus asemenea instan\u021be specializate nu exist\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Autorii consider\u0103 c\u0103 dosarele de corup\u021bie pot fi examinate cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 de judec\u0103toriile de drept comun, care uneori solu\u021bioneaz\u0103 cazuri mai complicate. Specificul cauzelor de corup\u021bie nu \u021bine de examinarea lor \u00een instan\u021ba de judecat\u0103, ci de modul de investigare a acestora, respectiv, din acest motiv este justificat\u0103 consolidarea capacit\u0103\u021bilor Procuraturii Anticorup\u021bie, inclusiv \u00een investigarea cauzelor de corup\u021bie mare.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen urma analizei efectuate, autorii documentului recomand\u0103 judecarea cauzelor de corup\u021bie nu dup\u0103 locul comiterii infrac\u021biunii, ci la locul afl\u0103rii organului de urm\u0103rire penal\u0103 (subdiviziunile CNA \/ eventual ale Procuraturii Anticorup\u021bie), \u0219i specializarea judec\u0103torilor din c\u00e2teva instan\u021be. Aceasta va permite sporirea capacit\u0103\u021bilor judec\u0103torilor \u00een domeniul cauzelor de corup\u021bie, f\u0103r\u0103 a crea o instan\u021b\u0103 scump\u0103 \u0219i a o expune prea simplu\u00a0 influen\u021bei din partea ter\u021bilor.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/old2.old.crjm.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/CRJM-Oportunit-instanta-anticoruptie-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Documentul de politici publice \u201eInstan\u021ba anticorup\u021bie\u00a0 &#8211; este oare aceasta necesar\u0103 \u00een Republica Moldova?\u201d<\/a> a fost elaborat de CRJM \u00een cadrul proiectului \u201e<em>Promovarea suprema\u021biei legii prin monitorizare de c\u0103tre societatea civil\u0103\u201d<\/em>, implementat cu suportul Agen\u021biei Statelor Unite pentru Dezvoltare Interna\u021bional\u0103 (USAID).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.privesc.eu\/widget\/live\/92375?\" width=\"480\" height=\"270\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Documentul \u00een limba rom\u00e2n\u0103 este disponibil <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/old2.old.crjm.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/CRJM-Oportunit-instanta-anticoruptie-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AICI<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 1px solid #CCC; border-width: 1px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%;\" src=\"\/\/www.slideshare.net\/slideshow\/embed_code\/key\/zMBCgoIX9rg6Ik\" width=\"668\" height=\"714\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"> <\/iframe><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\u00a0<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ini\u021biativa privind crearea unei instan\u021be judec\u0103tore\u0219ti anticorup\u021bie nu este oportun\u0103 \u00een Republica Moldova, deoarece nu este justificat\u0103 din punct de vedere al necesit\u0103\u021bilor juridice, vine \u00een contradic\u021bie cu procesul de optimizare a h\u0103r\u021bii judec\u0103tore\u0219ti \u0219i, \u00een esen\u021b\u0103, este contrar\u0103 obiectivelor declarate de autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti cu privire la lupta cu corup\u021bia. Acestea sunt unele dintre concluziile [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":22244,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22234"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22234"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22322,"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22234\/revisions\/22322"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.crjm.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}